How to file a tax extension, step by step
It takes about 15 minutes. The hardest part is estimating what you owe; the extension itself is automatic.
Reviewed October 30, 2026 against IRS.gov guidance. How we check facts.
1. Gather last year’s return and this year’s income records
You need your 2025 return and your 2026 W-2s, 1099s and records of estimated payments to make a reasonable estimate. Missing a form is fine; estimate it.
2. Estimate your total 2026 tax and subtract payments
Use tax software or our balance-due estimator. The difference is what you should pay by April 15, 2027.
3. Choose how to file the extension
IRS Free File (free for everyone), tax software, a tax professional, an electronic payment marked “extension”, or a mailed Form 4868.
4. Submit it by April 15, 2027
E-filed extensions are acknowledged within a day or two. A mailed form must be postmarked by the deadline.
5. Pay what you can
Pay through IRS Direct Pay, your IRS Online Account, EFTPS, a card processor or a check with Form 4868-V. Paying at least 90% of your total tax avoids the late-payment penalty for the extension period.
6. Handle your state
Check whether your state accepts the federal extension or requires its own request and payment.
7. File your return by October 15, 2027
File the complete return and pay any balance. You can file any time before the extended deadline; you don’t have to wait.
If you can’t pay in full
File the extension anyway, and pay what you can. Then look at an IRS payment plan: short-term plans (up to 180 days) and monthly installment agreements are available online for most people. Interest still applies, and the late-payment penalty drops to 0.25% a month during an installment agreement for timely filers.
If you’re owed a refund
You don’t strictly need an extension: there’s no penalty for filing late when you’re due a refund. But an extension costs nothing and protects you if your estimate turns out wrong.